Root rot is one of the most common and deadly issues affecting houseplants. It occurs when the plant’s roots are unable to get the oxygen they need due to overly wet soil, resulting in fungal or bacterial infections. Fortunately, root rot can be prevented and, if caught early, treated successfully.
What is Root Rot?
Root rot is a condition where the roots of a plant decay due to prolonged exposure to excess moisture and lack of oxygen. Fungal pathogens like Pythium, Rhizoctonia, and Fusarium are often responsible for root rot, thriving in damp, poorly-draining conditions.
Signs of Root Rot
Above-Ground Symptoms:
- Yellowing Leaves: Leaves, particularly those at the bottom, may turn yellow and fall off.
- Wilting: Even when the soil is moist, the plant appears wilted or limp.
- Stunted Growth: The plant shows little to no new growth.
- Brown or Black Leaf Tips: Indicating nutrient deficiency caused by damaged roots.
Below-Ground Symptoms:
- Mushy, Dark Roots: Healthy roots are firm and white, while rotting roots are dark, slimy, and mushy.
- Foul Odor: A rotten, swampy smell may come from the soil.
Causes of Root Rot
- Overwatering: The most common cause. Roots left in waterlogged soil can’t access oxygen, causing them to suffocate and rot.
- Poor Drainage: Using pots without drainage holes or overly compacted soil prevents excess water from escaping.